Sunday, March 22, 2009

Book review - P.D. James bestselling 'The Private Patient'

Delight of the old familiar


14 Nov 2008 New Indian Express


P.D. James, authorThe year is 2008. The New Arrivals’ shelf at your average lending library seems entirely occupied by a legion of bloodthirsty crime-writers and their stomach churning offerings. Well not entirely! One determined successor to Agatha Christie’s legacy still holds out against the invaders of the classic whodunit. We can come up for air with P D James’ 18th novel, The Private Patient.

Here is the familiar formula of the
Golden Age of crime fiction – the shared clues, the plot a variation of the ‘locked room puzzle whodunit’ with the usual unlikely mix of suspects and their unravelling motives of a threatened social respectability or security. The secluded English country house comes alive with James’ eye for art and architectural design and is enhanced by her typical motifs of a richly evocative atmosphere (imagine Hardy’s Wessex, the Dorset Jurassic coast and a standing stone circle tainted by a witch-burning) and the looming presence of church as both sanctuary and scene of crime.

Adam Dalgliesh is back – a welcome throwback to the gentleman detective. Endowed with the universally popular tall dark good looks, mandatory intelligence, education and culture, this otherwise flat, cardboard cutout character is redeemed by P D James with facets of poetry writing, Jaguar driving and significant romantic punch with his tragic personal background! - (a parson’s son, he lost his mother when young, and his wife and newborn son in childbirth). Fans will finally see in ‘The Private Patient, the end of previous romantic cliffhangers, with the marriage of this eminently eligible bachelor to Emma Laversham, who first appeared in ‘Death in Holy Orders’!

It’s not surprising that the author who created the first definitive female detective in
Cordelia Grey is at her best describing her female victims. Be it Sally Jupp (’Cover her face), Venetia Aldridge (’A Certain Justice) or in this case Rhoda Gradwyn – James expertly brings to life tough,intriguing women who even if not particularly likeable, arouse a respectful understanding, however grudging.

How can one not feel for Rhoda, ‘the only child of a frightened and ineffective mother and a drunken father.’ That was how she had defined herself for more than 30 years and how she still defined herself. ‘Trapped in a tense and violent household, she and her parents colluded in their lies and endured their voluntary exile from life. The front room was for special occasions, for family celebrations never held and for visitors who never came, its silence smelling of lavendar furniture polish and stale air, an air so portentous that she never tried to breathe it.’ Her life is irrevocably changed one night, when she speaks up in an attempt to protect her mother and her father in his drunken fury smashes a whisky bottle on her face and she is marked for life.

On her 47th birthday, Rhoda a successful, rapacious investigative journalist and’ stalker of minds, gazes at her face in the mirror. Little knowing that the countdown to her death has been set into motion, she wonders how she will face herself without the scar that has been part of her and shaped her psyche since childhood. Her death is the least violent of the deaths in ‘The Private Patient’, and one can’t help feeling a twinge of regret that despite the trail of destroyed lives she has left in her obsession to uncover truth, she meets her end at her best moment – when she decides to leave her past and its damaging information behind and start a new life.

P D James may be 88 years old – but her 18th novel, The Private Patient, manages to keep up with the times in everything but language (try skimming through words like palimpsest, solipsistic, plangent, limned, colophon and the like without half-wishing you had a dictionary at hand!). The same sex marriage of Emma’s closest friend is described with honesty and sensitivity and wiccans worldwide over will be delighted with the medicine-wheel symbolism of the stone circle.

While
Dalgliesh may be limited because his character is set in a time lock, James’ other characters are not found similarly wanting – the self-absorbed cosmetic surgeon whose satisfaction in his long-coveted, prized manor defines him, the fey, toy boy, gold digger haunting cousins who have come into an inheritance - “I like to remind them that I exist”, the same-sex marriage of Emma’s closest friend, the gay junior doctor struggling to explain his reluctance to participate in a gay pride march with his nurse lover - “I don’t see the point of it. If I were heterosexual you wouldn’t expect me to go marching down the high street to proclaim that I was straight. Why do we need to do it? Isn’t the whole point that we have a perfect right to be what we are? We don’t need to justify it or advertise it, or proclaim it to the world. I don’t see why my sexuality should be of interest to anyone except you.”

Rhoda’s isolation in school is echoed elsewhere in the book, in the
universal words of everyone labelled different. “I was a grammar school boy, you see, there on a county scholarship. Difficult for you to understand.Things may be different now, although I doubt it. “Not that different. I wasn’t mocked or despised or made to feel different. I never felt I belonged there – and of course, I didn’t. I knew from the first that I had no right to be there, that something in the air of those quads rejected me... I wasnt the only one.”

Words like ‘perambulatory’ may make one wince, but James’ understanding of some situations is timeless. This book’s cliffhanger is true to the foreboding atmosphere - Is this the last we are to hear of Adam Dalgliesh?

Sunday, March 15, 2009

The Real Hero of Dharma


At the end, one is left with two niggling questions. Why, in this anti-hero age, is there no book of Ravan? (Or everyone’s favourite Karna for that matter). The second is, Who is Devdutt Pattanaik? The answer to the latter is far more interesting than all the facets of Ram covered so exhaustively in the book.

Pattanaik is probably no stranger to Future Group employees as their chief belief officer (the retail guru Kishore Biyani shuns orthodox HR in favour of traditional storytelling). Nor to the “management-philosophy-from-ancient-wisdom” neophytes who have abandoned Jesus CEO or Chanakya on Management for a regular dose of management fable in Pattanaik’s ET column.

I much prefer Pattanaik on Ram to centuries-old literary predecessors — from Valmiki to Michael Madhusudan Dutt. It goes without saying therefore that I’m one of those who started off with Amar Chitra Katha’s blue-skinned Ram, graduated to Rajaji’s stodgy (and sometimes spin doctored) prose and thought myself clever for scheduling doctor’s visits while the rest of India watched Ramanand Sagar’s creation to avoid endless delays in dreary waiting rooms. (Didn’t work — ended up glumly watching, along with many other patients in the doctor’s crowded clinic!)

More recently, I’ve been intrigued by Michael Madhusudan Dutt’s The Slaying of Meghnad, Shobhana’s Maya Ravan, Ramchandra Gandhi’s Sita’s Kitchen, Subramania Bharati’s The Horns of the Horse, and am, like countless others eagerly looking forward to Mani Ratnam’s Ravan.

So who is Ram? Take your pick — obedient son, valiant warrior, great king, weak householder, opportunist with elastic morality. Or all of the above? Centuries of creative rewriting of history, in a smokescreen of rules changing along with the propaganda of the day, have resulted in a confusing legacy that cannot be seen in isolation. There is enough fodder in this exhaustively researched book to provide furious, heated debate and inevitably abusive exchanges (especially of the Internet variety-liberally sprinkled with asterisked epithets!). You never know — maybe the Lord God/dutiful king/heroic warrior/marauding Aryan/wimpy husband will regain his rightful place on Google dethroning the lowly computer RAM. (True, some people may call the iPhone the jesusphone, but this hero worship of machines has to be an unhealthy trend).

But I digress. The real hero of the Book of Ram is Devdutt Pattanaik. Deftly steering through a minefield of potential controversy, he presents the various tellings of the Ramayan in its pan-Indian literary lineage. Emerging from familiar grandparent folk-lore are delightful variations on a theme — Sita as Kali, Sita as Ravan’s child, Mandodari the frog princess, Rambha’s curse, Manthara as martyr, Ravana’s dying words and the unfortunate Jai and Vijay — Vishnu’s doorkeepers.

What really makes Pattanaik India’s modern day Aesop is actually outside of the Book of Ram. Soon after the exhilaration of Indian Oscars, Vishnu’s gatekeepers gain stature after Pattanaik’s tribute to India’s Oscars by defining what Jai ho really means by examining two similar words ‘Jai’ and ‘Vijay’ often used interchangeably. In Vijay, there are winners and losers. In Jai, there are no losers, no one is defeated, for one triumphs over oneself.

To a post 26/11 India’s knee-jerk, ominously vigilante sentiments, Pattanaik’s panacea is the tears of Gandhari...a mythological moral message far more relevant today than the Ramayan’s rigid deontological ethic principles. “Dharma is about listening, not speaking; dharma is about giving, not taking; dharma is about helping the helpless; dharma is about affection, not domination. Dharma happens when hungry men share their food. Gandhari’s children died because they refused to share their land. Draupadi’s children died because she could not forgive. So long as we refuse to share, so long as we refuse to forgive, so long as we find excuses to justify our greed, war will happen and heroes will never find peace. Follow dharma and there will be peace in the world. True peace, not peace born by dominating the other. Not forgiving is never the answer. Look what is happening in Israel — an unending spiral of violence because both sides feel they are ‘right’.”

While one might start the Book of Ram with pet peeves and theories about heroes or gods, barely concealing a weakness for the underdog, by the last chapter you can’t help the twinge of pity for Ram who rejected destiny and desire for the far more daunting duty. Sadly, his core ethos as “Maryada Purushottham” is anachronistic today.

It may well be that the “The Ramayan reflects on the problem of the human condition, of how desire and destiny make the world impermanent and tragic. It also offers the solution by showing us how to live a spiritually fulfilled life through responsible conduct.” However, Hindu sacred texts also emphasise, “as a man can drink water from any side of a full tank, so the skilled theologian can wrest from any scripture that which will serve his purpose.”

With worthy sentiments like Dasaratha’s “so has been the way of my ancestors: give up your life but never your word” becoming harder by the day to live by, we may just have to wait till the next Treta Yug rolls around for this to happen.

No matter how much he extols Ram’s virtues of Dharma against Ravan’s law of the jungle, Pattanaik forgets that humans are also animals (arguably evolved ones). A cynical vote bank could well be justified in dubbing the current Ramraj propaganda a more realistic, accurate Ravanraj.

— The writer is co-founder of The Banyan, free-thinker and a Horton fan. jayakumar.vaishnavi@gmail.com